Adjustable wrench



Patented Dec. 2, 1924.

BERNARD LYNN MCNERNEY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

ADJUSTABLE WRENCH.

Application filed July 10, 1923. Serial No. 650,577.

To alt Qui/wm it may concern.'

Be. it known that l, BERNARD LYNN o- Nnnxnr. a citizen of thel United States, residing in Minneapolis, in the county of Hen,- nepin and State ot Minnesota, have invented a new and useful Adjustable lVlencli. of which the following is a speciication.

y invention relates to improvements in adjustable wrenches.

lts object is to provide a simple, durable and elicient wrench including a pair of relatively movable end jaws and a pair oit relatively movable handles or grips for manipulating the tool and adjusting said aws.

A further obj ect is to provide a tool ot the present nature employing a reversible cam mechanism between the jaws and actuating handles. whereby said jaws may be quickly and easily opened and closed and firmly held by the handles in objectl gripping relation.

'Vith the foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear in the. following description, the invention resides in the novel combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings. Fig. 1 is a. side elevation ot a wrench embodying my invention; Fig'. 2 is a plan view of the wrench; Fig. 3 is an elevational view of the head ot the wrench, the near cover plate being removed to expose parts otherwise concealed thereby; Figs. 4; and 5 are sectional views taken on the lines 4-1 and 5 5 ot' Fig. 2 respectively; Fig. (S is a sectional view taken on line 6h@ of Fig. 4; Figs. 7 and S are detail views ot' the j aws, showing different relative positions thereof.

Referring to the drawings, it will be observed that my improved wrench includes a body A, end 7;, c and handles 10, 11. The body consists of a block 12 and cover plates 13 reaching back from the sides ot' the block. Said block 12 is formed with ways 14, 14; therein arranged transversely of the body and in parallelism with each other and with said plates and is further formed with spaced. parallel guide slots 15, 15e arranged longitudinally of said body.

A bolt 1G reaching through the block 12 and cover plates 13 and a bolt 17 reaching through the latter tie the said block and plates together` lugs 1.8 on the block tit-ting` in notches 19 in the plates being provided to supplementsaid bolts in preventing relative movement between said block and plates.

The jaw Z2 includes a head 20 and shank 21. a similar head 22 and shank 23 comprising the jaw c. i

The shanks 21, are slidable in the ways 11, 1-1 in the block, the shank 21 having cam slots 21, 21" therein, while the shank 23 is formed with cam slots 23, 23" respectively reversed with respect and companion to said slots 21, 2lb in the shank 21. Said cam slots are arranged angularly with respect to the direction of movement ot' the jaws Y), C. A pin 24 reaching through companion cam slot-s 21, 23 in the shanks 21. 23 also extends through the guide slot 15 in the block 12. A similar pin 25 reaches through companion cam slots 21", 23 in said shanks and extends through the guide slot l5a in said block.

The handle 10, rigidly secured to the. rearward ends o1 the cover plates 13 by rivets 26 or other suitable means. The handle 11 is pivoted at its :forward end between said cover plates by means of a pintle 27,. said handle being enlarged at its pivoted end to form opposed rocker arms 11i and 111. A pair of links 28 join the ends ot the pin with the rocker arm 11"L and a secondpair of links 29 join the ends ot the pin 25 with the roc-ker arm 11", said links being pivoted on studs 28, 29@L on the rocker arms 11*l and 11b. llecesses 12L in the sides ot' the block 12 provide clearance spaces for the ends oit the pins 2l. and the forward ends of the links 28, 29. The swinging `of the pivoted handle 11. serves through the medium of thc links 28, 297 and the vco-action of pins 24, 25 with the cam surfaces of the slots 21.,v 2lb, and 23" to open and close said jaws c. The pins 24 and 25, guided by slots 15, 15L (Fig, and (3o-acting with the cam surfaces ot' the slots 21, 21", 23l and 23 open and close the jaws (Figs. 7 and 8) upon the swinging of the handle 11 and secure said jaws in variously adjusted posi'- tions, when said handle is held against pivoting movement.

A screw 30. threaded in extensions 10 on the handle 1t). provides an adjustable stop in the path oi the rocker arm 11b on the pivoted yhandle 11. This stop variously limits the elevation o1 said handle 11 (Fig. 1) and the consequent separation of the jaws C.

Ball bearings 31, seated in the heads 20, 22 o1" the jaws l), c bea-r against the front of the block 12. and rollers 32, journaled on the block l2 at the rear thereof and forming bearings `for the shanks 21, 23 serveto prevent the binding of the jaws Y), c with the block 12.

In use, the swinging of the handle l1 adj usts the jaws to desired working positions. The gripping together of the handles 10, 1l, in manipulating the tool, efld'ectually holds said jaws against separation through the medium of the links 28, 29, pins 24.-, 25 and cam surfaces of the slots 21",.213232225). The screw 3() may be employed to prevent the separation of the jaws Z), o under strain and `thereby relieve the user from gripping the handles together for .that purpose. Said screw may also be used to gauge the opening of the aws and thus save loss of time in repeatedly applying the tool to a given object.

Changes in the specific form of my invention, as herein described, may be made .within the scope of what is claimed without de. )arting from the spirit of my invention.

I Iaving described `my invention, what l claim vas new and desire to protect by LettersPatent is:

fl. Ina wrench of the class described, a body comprising-a block and cover plates reaching back from the sides thereof, said block having ways therein arranged transversely of the? body and .in aarallelism with le'achotl'ier and with vsaid-plates, saidbloek beingfurther formed with spaced," parallel lide .slots arranged longitudinally of the ody, a'handle rigidly secured at its forward end-tosaid plates between the'same, z a -secondliandle,.pivoted at its forward end -between said plates, opposed rocker arms onthe pivotedend of lsaid second handle, a pair of end jaws` each including a shank .and ahead thereon, said Shanks being slidyablein the ways in said block and having reversed companion cam slots therein, the -saine being arranged singularly with respect to the direction of Ainovei'nent of said jaws, av pairof pins, one for each guide slot, said pins reaching through companion cam slots `in said Shanks and through their respective guide slots in said block, a pair of links for leach pin, each pair of links serving to connect the ends of its respective pin with the end of one of said rocker arms, the swingingof the pivoted handle serving through thefmedium of said links and the cro-action of said pins with the surfaces of said cam "slots to open and close said jaws, anti-friction bearings interposed between the jaws and block to prevent the binding of `the vformer with the latter and an adjustable stop'co-ope ating with the pivoted handle toivariously limit the opening of the jaws.

`2. In a wrench of the class described, a body having ways therein and spaced, par allel guide slots arranged at right angles with respect to said ways, a handle rigidlyv `secured at its forward end to said body, a

second handle, pivoted at its forward end to thebody,'opposedirocker arms on the pivoted end of said second'handle, a pair of jaws, each including a shank and a head thereon, .said shanksbeing Hslid-able in the ways in said block and having relatively opposed cam slots therein, the same being arranged angularly with respect to the direction of movement of said jaws, a pair of pins, one for each guide slot, said pins reaching through companion cam slots in said shanks and through their respective guide slots in said block, a link for each pin, each link serving to connect its respective pin with the end of one of said rocker arms, the swinging of the pivoted handle serving through the medium of said links and the co-action of said pins with the surfaces of said cam slots to open and close said jaws.

3. In a tool of the class described, a body l rforn'ied w1th a way therein,

jaws on the body, one of said jaws being movable and .having a shank slidable in said way, said shank being formed with a cam slot therein, handles for manipulating the tool, one of said handles being pivoted on the body, a guide slot in the body extending longitudinally thereof, a pin movable in said guide slot and riaehing through the cam slot in said shank, and an actuating vlink joining said pin with said handle, .the connection betweeirsaid link and handle being offset/from the pivotal axis ofsaid handle.

4. 'In a wrench, a body, jaws on the body, one being slidable thereon and formed with a 'am surface, a member'co-operating with said body and with'said camsurface and adapted upon movement with respect to the body t0 shift the movable jaw, a handle hinged on the body, and means for moving said member interposed between the same and said handle.

5. In al wrench,` a body formed with a guidetherein, jaws on the body, one being slidable thereon andformed with` a cam slot therein, a member c0-acting with'said slot and guide, a handle hinged on the body, and linkage joining said member and handle and operated by thelatter to shift said slidable jaw upon hinging movements of the handle.

6. In a wrench, a body, jaws on the body, one being sldable thereon and formed with a pair of opposed angularly related cam surfaces, a handle hinged on the body, and a pair of jaw actuating devices co-acting with said cam lsurfaces and operated in oppositionto each other bysaid handle upon hinging movements thereof, I

l7. ln a wrench, a body, jaws slidable on the body and having opposed angularly re lated cam surfaces thereon, a handle hinged ou thebody andjaw actuating means operated by said handle and co-acting with said cam surfacesto shift said jaws in opposite directions.

ine

8. In a Wrench, a body, a pair of jaws slidable on the body, each jaw having a pair of cani surfaces thereon, the cam surfaces on each jaw being opposed, one to the other, and to the companion surfaces of the other jaw, u handle hinged on the body and a pair ot jaw actuating devices operated in oppostion to each other by said handle upon swinging movements thereof, each device coacting with one wt of Companion Cani surfaces on said jaws.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my nzune to this specification.

BERNARD LYNN MCNERNEY. 

